Ear Surgery (TECA and VBO)

The ear is a complex and delicate structure responsible for both hearing and balance. At Elizavet, our advanced diagnostic and surgical expertise allows us to manage even the most challenging ear conditions, from chronic infections to structural abnormalities. Below we explain the key anatomical features of the ear. We also outline the clinical signs of ear disease in dogs and cats and the surgical options available to restore comfort and improve quality of life for affected pets.

At Elizavet, we welcome referrals for ear surgery from first opinion practices and pet owners from across London and further afield. Our expertise in ear canal surgery ensures that each patient receives tailored treatment, using the latest minimally invasive and surgical techniques to achieve good outcomes. You can read more about what we have to offer below, contact us for more information or if you are ready …

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Elizavet’s Guide to Ear Canal Surgery for Cats and Dogs

Anatomy of the ear

The ears of cats and dogs are composed of three regions: the external ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. The external ear is formed by the pinna, the vertical canal, and the horizontal canal. The middle ear consists of the tympanic membrane (drum), the tympanic cavity (bulla), and the Eustachian tubes, which connect the middle ear to the pharynx. The inner ear is formed by the auditory ossicles, bony labyrinth, and the semi-circular canal.

The ear canal structure is slightly different in cats to dogs dogs. In cats a bony septum divides the tympanic bulla into two chambers. Ear and facial nerves enter the middle ear close to this septum. For this reason, some procedures in cats can be more challenging.

Clinical signs of inflammation, infections and other ear issues in cats and dogs

Chronic inflammation, masses, and recurrent otitis cause significant discomfort for the patient. Clinical signs include ear shaking, purulent discharge, head tilt, reduced hearing, constant ear scratching, and neurologic abnormalities.

Treatment of ear problems

Total Ear Canal Ablation (TECA) and Ventral Bulla Osteotomy (VBO) are advanced surgical techniques used in cases of chronic and end-stage otitis (inflammation), recurrent resistant ear infections, masses (lumps) in the ear canal, trauma, or deep infection of the bulla (ear bone cavity). At Elizavet, our expertise in ear canal surgery ensures that each patient receives treatment that’s tailored to their specific issue, using the latest minimally invasive and surgical techniques to achieve good outcomes.

During the procedure, the vertical and horizontal ear canals are surgically removed, and the bulla is widened with special bone forceps and gently cleaned. In dogs, the cleaning of the bulla is performed through lateral access, whereas in cats, ventral access may be preferred because of the two chambers. The pinna (external ear) is not touched, maintaining a good cosmetic outcome, however, in very rare cases, this may fold forward.

Outcomes of ear surgeries in cats and dogs

The outcome of ear surgery is generally excellent, with a marked improvement in the patient’s quality of life. After TECA, hearing may be reduced compared to a pet with normal ears, though this is similar to dogs experiencing ear canal blockage. Importantly, a Total Ear Canal Ablation removes the pain and discomfort associated with chronic ear disease, greatly enhancing comfort and wellbeing.

Complications with ear surgeries

Possible complications of the surgery include infection with abscess formation, nerve paralysis, and intraoperative bleeding. Infection is typically managed with antibiotics; however, if it originates from the bulla or results in abscess formation, revision surgery may be required. Facial nerve injury can occur and may be temporary or permanent. In most cases, recovery occurs within four weeks.

Bleeding during surgery is another rare complication. Although not life-threatening, it can limit visibility due to the narrow surgical space. Bleeding is controlled using ice-cold saline, digital pressure, or bone wax. If control is not achieved, the ear may be packed with sterile swabs, and surgery resumed the following day. Fortunately, such events are extremely uncommon.

Overall this surgery carries a low risk and provides excellent long-term relief from chronic pain and discomfort for the patient. If you need more information or would like to book a pre operative consultation then please contact us or, if you are ready …